Cov chaw ua tshuaj lom neeg, cov chaw tsim tshuaj, thiab kev tsim khoom lag luam yog nyob ntawm cov twj tso kua mis uas hloov cov khoom hnyav, muaj kev phom sij, lossis siab siab - cov kua dej tsis muaj dej. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov twj tso kua mis no tso siab rau ntau zaus ntawm - cov khoom tsis pom zoo: cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws hlau thiab gaskets. Cov khoom sib khi no ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tseem ceeb ntawm lub twj tso kua mis txoj hauv kev ua kua dej thiab qhov chaw sab nraud.
Cov kev qhia no yuav tshuaj xyuas seb qhov kev xaiv thiab kev teeb tsa ntawm cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws thiab cov twj tso kua mis muaj kev cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau xoom-kev ua tau zoo hauv kev siv tshuaj twj tso kua mis. Cov ntaub ntawv nthuav tawm ntawm no hais txog cov khoom siv sib xws, cov txheej txheem kev teeb tsa, thiab kev saib xyuas kev saib xyuas uas cov kws tsim khoom thiab cov kws tshaj lij yuav xav tau thaum qhia txog cov khoom sib khi rau kev thov cov twj tso kua mis.
Nkag siab Pump Sealing Points thiab Leak Pathways
Txhua lub twj tso kua mis tshuaj muaj ntau lub peev xwm xau cov ntsiab lus uas xav tau kev sib khi. Kev txheeb xyuas txoj hauv kev no yog thawj kauj ruam mus rau kev ua tiav cov pa tawm - ua haujlwm pub dawb hauv cov kua dej hloov pauv.
Thawj qhov chaw sib khi hauv cov twj tso kua mis muaj
Tus qauv centrifugal lossis lub twj tso kua mis zoo muaj xws li ntau qhov chaw uas cov dej ntim tau nyob ntawm gaskets thiab ntxhua khaub ncaws:
Flange kev twb kev txuas:Lub inlet thiab qhov hluav taws xob flanges txuas lub twj tso kua mis los ua cov kav dej. Cov kev sib txuas no siv gaskets compressed ntawm lub ntsej muag los yog lub ntsej muag tiaj tus flanges, ruaj los ntawm bolts nrog cov ntxhua khaub ncaws.
Pump Casing Joints:Ntau- thooj twj tso kua mis yuav tsum tau gaskets ntawm cov mating nto ntawm casing seem. Cov pob qij txha no yuav tsum muaj kev sib khi ruaj khov nyob rau hauv lub siab sab hauv thiab kub caij tsheb kauj vab.
Mechanical Seal Housing:Lub twj tso kua mis siv cov tshuab foob yuav tsum tau muab khi rau ntawm lub caj pas foob, feem ntau ua tiav nrog O-rings lossis pav ca gaskets.
Plugs thiab Drain Plugs:Kev sib txuas me me rau kev tso dej thiab tso cua siv crushers los yog sealing washers los tiv thaiv weepage.
Bearing Housing Interfaces:Kev sib txuas ntawm cov kabmob vaj tse thiab cov twj tso kua mis feem ntau suav nrog lub gasket los tiv thaiv cov roj nplua nyeem thiab cov dej nkag.
Qhov Leakage cuam tshuam li cas rau kev ua haujlwm tshuaj lom neeg
Pump leakage tsim ntau yam teeb meem hauv kev lag luam. Kev poob dej ncaj qha cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem yields thiab cov nqi raw khoom. Kev tso tawm ib puag ncig ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg ua rau muaj teeb meem kev ua raws cai thiab tej zaum yuav raug nplua. Cov neeg ua haujlwm raug cov tshuaj xau ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev nyab xeeb. Cov khoom puas tsuaj los ntawm cov kua dej corrosive tsub kom cov nqi tu thiab tsis tau npaj tseg.
Kev cuam tshuam nyiaj txiag txuas ntxiv dhau ntawm cov dej xau nws tus kheej. Lub twj tso kua mis tsuas yog 10 tee ib feeb pov tseg kwv yees li 200 nkas loos ib xyoos ib zaug. Rau cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb kim kim lossis tshuaj siv tshuaj -qib kua, qhov no sawv cev rau tus nqi ncaj qha. Cov nqi tsis ncaj ncees los ntawm kev sib kis, kev ntxuav tu, thiab kev cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem feem ntau tshaj li tus nqi ntawm cov kua dej ploj.
Hlau Washer Hom thiab lawv cov haujlwm hauv Pump Assemblies
Muaj cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb hauv cov twj tso kua mis tshaj qhov yooj yim thauj khoom. Xaiv lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws kom raug rau txhua daim ntawv thov taw tes txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev sib khi thiab pab txhawb rau kev sib khi tag nrho.
Flat Washers rau Load Distribution
Flat washers faib cov clamping quab yuam los ntawm kev sib txuas bolted hla thaj tsam loj dua. Hauv cov twj tso kua mis flange sib dhos, qhov kev faib tawm no tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab hauv cheeb tsam uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub ntsej muag flange puas lossis tsim tsis sib xws gasket compression.
Cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws tiaj tiaj ua tau raws li cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb xws li ASME B18.22.1 lossis DIN 125. Rau kev siv twj tso kua mis tuav cov tshuaj corrosive, stainless hlau flat washers (304 lossis 316 qib) muab qhov tsim nyog corrosion. Los ntawm- cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws tawv ua tau zoo dua li cov ntaub ntawv- cov qauv tawv tawv vim tias lawv tiv taus deformation nyob rau hauv siab bolt loads.
Lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws sab nraud yuav tsum yog qhov loj me kom phim lub flange qhov chaw lub ntsej muag txoj kab uas hla. Undersized washers concentrate load thiab tuaj yeem embed rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv softer flange. Cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws loj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog cov ntsia hlau uas nyob ib sab lossis cov khoom siv.
Caij nplooj ntoos hlav Washers thiab Lock Washers rau Vibration Resistance
Cov twj tso kua mis muaj kev vibration los ntawm cov khoom sib hloov, cov kua pulsation, thiab cov khoom siv txuas nrog. Qhov kev vibration no tuaj yeem loosen bolted kev sib txuas nyob rau lub sijhawm, ua rau gasket so thiab qhov tshwm sim.
Split lock washers muab qee qhov kev tiv thaiv kom xoob los ntawm kev tsim lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav nro ntawm cov txiv ntoo thiab qhov sib koom ua ke. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv cov txiaj ntsig hauv siab - kev siv lub twj tso kua mis vibration yog txwv. Ntau tus engineers tam sim no qhia lwm txoj kev fastening rau cov twj tso kua mis tseem ceeb.
Belleville ntxhua khaub ncaws (conical caij nplooj ntoos hlav ntxhua khaub ncaws) muaj kev ua tau zoo dua rau kev tswj cov ntsia hlau nro nyob rau hauv thermal cycling thiab vibration. Lawv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav tus nqi tuaj yeem raug xaiv los them nyiaj rau kev so gasket thiab thermal expansion qhov sib txawv ntawm bolts thiab flanges.
Nord-Lock washers thiab zoo sib xws wedge-locking systems muab superior vibration tiv thaiv los ntawm kev siv lub ntsej muag tawm tsam uas yuav tsum tau tig kom loosen. Cov no ua haujlwm zoo rau kev sib txuas ntawm lub twj tso kua mis uas muaj kev vibration tseem ceeb lossis nquag thermal cycling.
Sealing Washers rau Threaded Connections
Threaded kev twb kev txuas rau cov ntsaws ntsaws, qhov cua valve, thiab instrumentation yuav tsum tau sealing washers es tsis yog standard flat washers. Cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws no muab cov khoom faib khoom thauj khoom nrog lub sealing.
Bonded sealing washers feature ib lub nplhaib hlau nrog ib tug bonded elastomer los yog PTFE sealing ntsej muag. Cov hlau muab cov qauv kev txhawb nqa thaum cov khoom sib khi mos ua raws li qhov me me ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov xov haum thiab lub cev lub cev.
Crush washers (tseem hu ua compression washers) yog cov hlau mos mos uas deform mus tas li thaum nruj. Cov khoom siv feem ntau suav nrog txhuas, tooj liab, thiab fiber ntau-cov khoom siv ntxiv. Cov no feem ntau yog ib qho - siv cov khoom siv uas yuav tsum tau hloov thaum twg qhov kev sib txuas qhib.
Gasket Cov ntaub ntawv rau kev siv tshuaj twj tso kua mis
Gasket xaiv cov khoom txiav txim siab seb lub twj tso kua mis sealing yuav ua tau kev ntseeg siab tshaj nws lub neej kev pab cuam. Lub twj tso kua mis chemistry, kev khiav hauj lwm kub, thiab lub zog siab tag nrho cov cuam tshuam cov khoom xaiv.
Tsis yog -Cov Khoom Siv Hlau Gasket
PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene):PTFE gaskets muab dav tshuaj tiv thaiv thoob plaws pH spectrum. Lawv tuav feem ntau cov kua qaub, cov hauv paus, thiab cov kuab tshuaj uas yuav tawm tsam lwm cov ntaub ntawv gasket. Txheem PTFE muaj qhov siab tshaj plaws kev pabcuam kub ib ncig ntawm 260℃(500℃F). Cov khoom siv tsis zoo los ntawm compression, yog li kev txhim kho kom zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb. Cov qib PTFE suav nrog cov iav fiber ntau, cov pa roj carbon, lossis lwm cov khoom ntxiv txhim kho cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab txo cov cua txias.
EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer):EPDM roj hmab gaskets ua haujlwm zoo nrog dej, chav, dilute acids, thiab alkalis. Lawv tiv taus huab cua thiab ozone raug zoo dua li ntau lwm cov elastomers. EPDM yuav tsum tsis txhob siv nrog roj av-raws li kua los yog muaj zog oxidizing acids. Qhov kub thiab txias feem ntau spans -40℃txog 150℃(-40℃F txog 302℃F).
Viton (FKM Fluoroelastomer):Viton gaskets tuav cov khoom siv roj av, roj, thiab ntau yam tshuaj uas tawm tsam lwm cov elastomers. Lawv muab kev ua tau zoo siab - qhov kub thiab txias mus txog 200℃(392℃F) kev pabcuam txuas mus ntxiv. Viton raug nqi ntau dua EPDM tab sis muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev siv hydrocarbon.
Compressed Tsis yog -Asbestos Fiber:Niaj hnub nimno compressed fiber gaskets siv aramid, iav, carbon, los yog ntxhia fibers khi nrog elastomeric binders. Cov ntaub ntawv no hloov cov asbestos qub- muaj cov khoom thaum muab kev sib khi zoo sib xws. Lawv ua haujlwm zoo rau kev siv dav dav - siv dej, chav dej, roj, thiab tshuaj me me.
Semi-Metallic Gasket Constructions
Spiral Wound Gaskets:Cov gaskets muaj alternating txheej ntawm hlau sawb (feem ntau stainless hlau) thiab mos muab tub lim (graphite los yog PTFE) mob rau hauv ib tug kauv qauv. Lub nplhaib sab nraud tso lub gasket ntawm lub flange, thaum lub nplhaib sab hauv tiv thaiv windings los ntawm buckling rau hauv txoj kev ntws. Kauv qhov txhab gaskets tswj kub thiab siab cycling zoo dua tsis yog -hlau gaskets thiab yog tus qauv rau ASME B16.5 flanges hauv kev pabcuam tshuaj.
Gasket ntawm cov khoom siv:Ib tug grooved hlau core nrog mos muag khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg muab zoo heev sealing nrog qis bolt loads tshaj kauv qhov txhab tsim. Lub serrated hlau nto tsim ntau txoj kab sealing thaum lub ntsej muag muag ua rau flange nto imperfections. Cov no ua haujlwm zoo rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib hloov thiab loj - txoj kab uas hla flanges.
Hlau Jacketed Gaskets:Cov khoom siv mos muag (feem ntau yog graphite lossis PTFE) ntim rau hauv lub tsho hlau nyias ua ke nrog kev ua tau zoo nrog siab - qhov muaj peev xwm kub. Muab ob npaug rau-jacketed versions muab kev sib khi ntawm ob lub ntsej muag rau cov ntawv thov nrog flange nto puas tsuaj lossis tsis zoo.
Hlau Gasket Options
Ntiv nplhaib Joint Gaskets:Khoom hlau rings machined kom meej qhov ntev lub rooj rau hauv grooved nplhaib - hom flanges sib koom. Cov khoom muaj xws li hlau mos, stainless hlau, thiab npib tsib xee alloys. Ntiv nplhaib sib txuas muab kev ruaj ntseg sealing ntawm kev kub siab thiab kub tab sis yuav tsum tau siv cov flanges kim heev. Lawv muaj ntau yam hauv API 6A cov cuab yeej siv lub taub hau thiab qee qhov kev ua haujlwm siab - tshuaj lom neeg.
Khoom Siv Hlau Flat Gaskets:Cov nplhaib hlau tiaj tiaj yooj yim ua haujlwm rau qee qhov siab - daim ntawv thov kub uas cov ntaub ntawv mos tsis tuaj yeem muaj sia nyob. Lawv xav tau cov flange loj heev thiab cov ntsia liaj qhov rooj siab kom ua tiav cov sealing txaus.
Sealing Technology hauv Magnetic Drive Pumps thiab Sealing Designs
Cov qauv tsim cov twj tso kua mis cia siab rau cov tshuab ntsaws ruaj ruaj lossis ntim kom muaj cov kua dej nyob ib puag ncig ntawm cov ncej tig. Cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj ruaj khov no tseem yog qhov txuas mus txuas ntxiv vim tias lawv yuav tsum ua kom haum raws li qhov sib hloov thaum tuav lub foob. Lwm txoj hauv kev tshem tawm txoj kev xau no tag nrho los ntawm kev tsim cov twj tso kua mis uas tsis muaj qhov sib khi.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Sib Nqus Tsav Pumps Tshem Tawm Cov Ncauj Ncauj Ncauj Leakage
Sib nqus tsav twj hloov torque los ntawm lub cev muaj zog mus rau lub impeller los ntawm kev sib nqus sib nqus es tsis yog kev sib txuas ncaj nraim. Lub impeller ncej ua haujlwm tag nrho hauv lub plhaub ntim ntim, tsis muaj qhov hloov pauv nkag mus rau cov dej ntim ciam ciam.
Sab nraud tsav hlau nplaum txuas rau lub cev muaj zog sab nraum lub plhaub ntim. Internal tsav hlau nplaum txuas mus rau lub impeller hauv lub plhaub. Sib nqus attraction ntawm cov hlau nplaum no xa cov kev sib hloov yam tsis muaj kev sib cuag los yog ib qho kev nkag mus.
Qhov kev tsim no hloov cov teeb meem kev sib foob rau hauv qhov teeb meem zoo li qub sealing. Lub plhaub ntim cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj tiv thaiv lub twj tso kua mis uas siv cov khoom siv zoo li qub lossis O-rings. Cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj ruaj ruaj yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj qhov kev ntseeg tau zoo dua li cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj vim tias lawv tsis muaj kev sib txheeb ze ntawm qhov chaw sib khi.
Aulank Pump, cov chaw tsim khoom tshwj xeeb hauv kev lag luammagnetic drive twj tso kua mis, tsim cov vortex thiab centrifugal twj tso kua mis tsim uas siv no sealless technology. Lawv cov MDW series stainless hlau vortex sib nqus twj tso kua mis thiab cov txheej txheem tshuaj sib nqus cov twj tso kua mis qhia tau hais tias kev sib nqus sib nqus tshuab muab xoom li cas -kev ua tau zoo rau kev thov kev siv tshuaj hloov pauv. Cov twj tso kua mis no tswj cov kua dej los ntawm -196℃txog +400 degree, ua haujlwm rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, tshuaj, thiab tshuaj lom neeg kev lag luam uas yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm tsis muaj paug.
Qhov yuav tsum tau muaj kev sib khi zoo hauv kev tsim cov twj tsis muaj sealing
Thaum lub tshuab nqus hlau nplaum tshem tawm cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj, lawv tseem xav tau cov khoom siv zoo li qub thiab O-rings ntawm ntau qhov chaw:
Containment Plhaub Joint:Lub plhaub ntim khoom (tseem hu ua lub tes tsho cais lossis lub nraub qaum) ntsaws rau hauv lub twj tso kua mis. Qhov kev sib koom ua ke no feem ntau siv O- nplhaib lossis pav ca.
Pump Casing Connections:Inlet thiab qhov hluav taws xob flanges yuav tsum txheem flange gaskets.
Rov qab tsev kaw:Ntau-cov twj tso kua mis tsim muaj xws li gasket ntawm lub tsev nyob tom qab thiab lub twj tso kua mis.
Lub gasket thiab washer xaiv cov hauv paus ntsiab lus rau cov ntsiab lus zoo li qub sealing ua raws li cov lus qhia tib yam li cov qauv siv twj tso kua mis. Kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov khoom siv nrog cov twj tso kua mis tseem yog qhov kev xaiv tseem ceeb.
Cov txheej txheem installation rau Pump Gaskets thiab Washers
Cov txheej txheem kev teeb tsa kom raug cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm sealing ntau npaum li kev xaiv cov khoom raug. Muaj ntau lub twj tso kua mis xau teeb meem rov qab mus rau qhov teeb meem kev teeb tsa ntau dua li qhov tsis xws luag.
Flange Deg Kev Npaj
Flange sealing nto yuav tsum huv si thiab tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj ua ntej gasket installation. Tshem tag nrho cov kab ntawm cov qub gasket siv cov yas scrapers los yog tooj dag hlau txhuam. Zam cov cuab yeej hlau uas tuaj yeem khawb lub ntsej muag flange.
Tshawb xyuas qhov flange nto rau khawb, pitting, corrosion, thiab warping. Qhov tsis zoo me me tuaj yeem kaw nrog cov khoom siv roj hmab muag, tab sis kev puas tsuaj loj yuav tsum tau flange resurfacing lossis hloov. ASME PCC-1 cov lus qhia muab kev lees paub rau flange deg mob.
Ntxuav ob lub ntsej muag flange nrog cov kuab tshuaj tsim nyog kom tshem tawm cov roj, roj, thiab cov khib nyiab. Cia cov kuab tshuaj kom evaporate tag nrho ua ntej txhim kho lub gasket tshiab.
Gasket Positioning thiab Alignment
Nruab lub gasket rau ntawm flange bolt lub voj voog. Rau tsa lub ntsej muag flanges, lub gasket hauv txoj kab uas hla yuav tsum ua raws li cov flange bore kom tsis txhob muaj kev txwv tsis pub khiav. Lub gasket sab nraud txoj kab uas hla yuav tsum tsis txhob ncua dhau lub ntsej muag tsa.
Ntxig bolts los ntawm flange qhov nrog cov ntxhua khaub ncaws kom zoo. Rau kev teeb tsa tus qauv, tso lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws hauv qab lub taub hau ntsia hlau thiab lwm qhov hauv qab ntawm cov txiv ntoo. Lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws yuav tsum du thiab tsis muaj burrs.
Nqa cov flanges ua ke los ntawm tes-ntxuav cov txiv ntoo kom txog thaum lub gasket sib cuag ob lub ntsej muag sib npaug. Txheeb xyuas tias lub gasket tsis tau hloov thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm no.
Bolt Tightening Sequence thiab Torque
Cov ntsia liaj qhov rooj kom nruj ua tiav cov pa gasket compression nyob ib ncig ntawm tag nrho cov kev sib koom ua ke. Random tightening tsim tsis sib xws compression uas ua rau xau ntawm hauv qab - cov cheeb tsam compressed.
Ua raws li tus ntoo khaub lig- qauv nruj ib ntus rau cov qauv bolt ncig. Tighten bolts nyob rau sab nraud ntawm flange alternately, ua haujlwm nyob ib ncig ntawm tus qauv. Ua kom tiav ntau dhau ntawm qhov nce torque: feem ntau 30%, 60%, thiab 100% ntawm lub hom phiaj kawg torque.
Lub hom phiaj torque qhov tseem ceeb nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub ntsia liaj qhov rooj, cov khoom siv, lubrication mob, hom gasket, thiab xav tau kev ntxhov siab gasket. Gasket manufacturers muab kev pom zoo rau kev teeb tsa kev ntxhov siab rau lawv cov khoom. Xam qhov xav tau bolt torque siv:
T = K × D × F
Qhov twg:
T=Lub hom phiaj torque
K=Txiv ntseej yam (feem ntau 0.15-0.20 rau lubricated fasteners)
D=Nominal bolt txoj kab uas hla
F=Yuav tsum tau bolt nro
Rau cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb, siv calibrated torque wrenches los yog hydraulic tensioning khoom kom ua tau raws li cov bolt loads.
Phau Ntawv Qhia Kev Xaiv Cov Khoom: Sib piv cov Cheebtsam rau cov txheej txheem txheej txheem
Cov lus hauv qab no qhia txog cov khoom siv gasket thiab cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws rau kev siv tshuaj twj tso kua mis:
| Daim ntawv thov | Hom kua dej | Qhov kub thiab txias | Pom zoo Gasket | Pom zoo Washer |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hloov cov kua qaub | sulfuric, hydrochloric, nitric acids | Ambient rau 150 degree | PTFE lossis PTFE-lined | 316 stainless hlau |
| Kev pabcuam Caustic | Sodium hydroxide, poov tshuaj hydroxide | Ambient rau 100 degree | EPDM, PTFE | 316 stainless hlau |
| Solvent tuav | Acetone, MEK, toluene | Ambient rau 80 degree | Viton, PTFE | 304 stainless hlau |
| Kub roj ncig | Thermal hloov kua | 150℃rau 350 degree | Saj zawg zog graphite, kauv qhov txhab | Hardened hlau, Inconel |
| Cryogenic kev pab cuam | Cov kua nitrogen, LNG | -196℃rau -50 degree | Expanded PTFE, kauv qhov txhab nrog PTFE | 304 stainless hlau |
| Pharmaceutical dej | WFI, dej huv | Ambient rau 80 degree | EPDM (FDA raws), PTFE | 316L stainless hlau |
| Chlorinated compounds | Chlorine, hypochlorite | Ambient rau 60 degree | PTFE, Viton | Titanium, Hastelloy |
| Siab -siab chav | Condensate, boiler dej | 150℃rau 250 degree | Kauv qhov txhab graphite | Hardened hlau |
Cov khoom sib raug zoo yuav tsum raug txheeb xyuas nrog cov kab kos tshuaj tiv thaiv los ntawm cov tuam txhab gasket. Qee cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke lossis kev sib xyaw ua ke tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov khoom sib txawv dua li cov lus qhia dav dav.
Cov Kev Pabcuam Kev Ua Haujlwm rau Pump Sealing Cheebtsam
Kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv txuas ntxiv lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm lub twj tso kua mis gaskets thiab txo qhov xwm txheej uas tsis tau npaj tseg. Tsim cov txheej txheem tshuaj xyuas thiab cov sij hawm hloov pauv yuav pab tswj kom tsis tu ncua ntawm cov xau- ua haujlwm dawb.
Cov ntsiab lus tshuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua
Kev soj ntsuam pom thaum lub sij hawm niaj hnub cog qoob loo tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas cov teeb meem xau ua ntej lawv loj heev. Tshawb xyuas:
Kev quaj los yog poob ntawm kev sib txuas flange
Staining los yog residue buildup nyob ib ncig ntawm cov pob qij txha
Corrosion ntawm bolts los yog washers
Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm gasket extrusion los ntawm flange ntsej muag
Thermal imaging thaum lub sij hawm ua hauj lwm yuav qhia tau hais tias evaporates ua ntej yuav pom. Qhov kub thiab txias tsis sib xws ntawm flange sib txuas yuav qhia tau tias cov dej khiav tawm thiab vaporizing.
Thaum Yuav Hloov Gaskets thiab Washers
Gaskets feem ntau suav tias yog ib qho - siv cov khoom. Qhib lub flanged kev twb kev txuas rau kev soj ntsuam los yog txij nkawm yuav tsum muaj xws li hloov gasket nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem reassembly. Kev sim rov siv cov compressed gaskets feem ntau ua rau cov pa tawm.
Cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws muaj lub neej ua haujlwm ntev dua tab sis yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas thaum qhib pob qij txha. Hloov cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws uas qhia:
Pom pom corrosion los yog pitting
Deformation los ntawm embedded rau hauv flange nto
Kev tawg lossis tawg
Poob lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav nro (rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav washers)
Tsim cov sijhawm hloov pauv raws li kev pabcuam hnyav. Kev pabcuam tshuaj lom neeg tuaj yeem lav tau teem sijhawm hloov gasket ntawm ib xyoos lossis ob xyoos tsis hais qhov xwm txheej twg.
Cov ntaub ntawv thiab Traceability
Khaws cov ntaub ntawv ntawm gasket thiab cov khoom siv ntxhua khaub ncaws uas tau teeb tsa hauv txhua lub twj tso kua mis. Cov ntaub ntawv no txhawb kev daws teeb meem yog tias muaj qhov tshwm sim thiab ua kom muaj kev hloov pauv zoo ib yam nrog cov khoom siv sib xws.
Rau cov twj tso kua mis hauv kev tswj hwm kev lag luam (tshuaj kho mob, kev ua zaub mov), cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj thiab ntau cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau ua. Qhia meej cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau ua thaum xaj cov khoom sib khi.
Troubleshooting Common Pump Leakage Problems
Thaum lub twj tso kua mis tshwm sim txawm tias siv cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog thiab cov txheej txheem kev teeb tsa, kev daws teeb meem zoo txheeb xyuas cov hauv paus hauv paus.
Flange Leakage Ua thiab Kev daws
Uneven bolt load:Qee lub bolts yuav tau so tom qab kev teeb tsa thawj zaug vim gasket creep lossis embedment. Retorque tag nrho cov bolts rau specification tom qab raws li qhov tsim nyog.
Gasket puas:Kauv qhov txhab gaskets tuaj yeem raug lub nplhaib sab hauv buckling yog tias dhau - compressed. Mos gaskets yuav extrude yog hais tias bolt load tshaj lawv qhov ntsuas. Tshawb xyuas lub gasket tshem tawm rau cov qauv kev puas tsuaj uas qhia txog hom tsis ua haujlwm.
Flange misalignment:Piping strain tsim qhov tsis sib xws ntawm lub flange sib koom ua ke. Kho cov kav dej sib dhos ua ntej rov nruab lub gasket.
Flange nto puas:Kos los yog corrosion hla lub sealing nto tsim txoj kev xau. Resurface los yog hloov cov flanges puas.
Tsis zoo gasket rau daim ntawv thov:Tshuaj tua kab mob los yog kub tshaj cov khoom txwv ua rau gasket degradation. Tshawb xyuas cov khoom sib raug zoo thiab xaiv ib qho kev xaiv tsim nyog.
Fastener-Cov teeb meem cuam tshuam txog
Bolt corrosion:Corroded bolt threads xav tau ntau dua torque kom ua tiav tib qhov nro, thiab qhov tseeb bolt load yuav poob qis dua qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Hloov corroded fasteners.
Washer embedment:Mos washers compress rau hauv lub flange nto lub sij hawm, txo cov ntsia liaj qhov rooj zoo ntawm lub gasket. Siv cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws tawv rau siab - cov ntawv thov kev nyuaj siab.
Galling ntawm stainless fasteners:Stainless hlau bolts thiab txiv ntseej tuaj yeem gal (txias weld) thaum lub sij hawm nruj, tiv thaiv kom raug daim ntawv thov torque. Siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv-cov roj nplua nyeem los yog qhia cov alloys sib txawv rau cov txiv ntoo thiab ntsia liaj qhov rooj.
Kev lag luam Standards thiab Specifications rau Pump Sealing Cheebtsam
Cov kws tsim qauv qhia txog cov gaskets thiab cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws rau cov twj siv tshuaj yuav tsum siv cov qauv kev lag luam kom ntseeg tau tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab ua haujlwm zoo.
Gasket Standards
ASME B16.20:Metallic Gaskets rau yeeb nkab flanges (Ntiv nplhaib-Joint, kauv-Qhov txhab, thiab Jacketed)
ASME B16.21:Nonmetallic Flat Gaskets rau Yeeb Nkab Flanges
API601:Hlau Gasket rau Refinery Piping
TS EN 1514:Flanges thiab Lawv Cov Txuas Txuas - Qhov ntev ntawm Gaskets rau PN-tsim Flanges
Washer Standards
ASME B18.22.1:Plain Washers
ASTM F436 Cov Lus Qhia:Hardened Steel Washers siv nrog siab -Lub zog Bolts
Qauv TSIS MUAJ: DIN 125Plain Washers, Khoom Qib A
Qauv TSIS MUAJ: DIN 127Spring Lock Washers
Bolting Standards rau Pump Flanges
ASTM A193 Cov Lus Qhia:Alloy{0}}Steel thiab Stainless Hlau Bolting rau Kev Kub Kub lossis Kev Pabcuam Siab
ASTM A194 Txuj:Carbon thiab Alloy Steel Ceev rau Bolts rau Kev Kub Siab lossis Kev Pabcuam Kub Kub
Xaus: Ua tiav qhov kev ntseeg siab xoom-Leak Pump Performance
Zero-kev ua tau zoo hauv cov twj tso kua mis tshuaj yog nyob ntawm kev saib xyuas kom raug rau cov khoom sib khi thoob plaws hauv lub neej ntawm cov cuab yeej siv. Hlau ntxhua khaub ncaws thiab gaskets yog cov khoom tsim kho uas yuav tsum tau xaiv kom raug raws li cov txheej txheem txheej txheem, kev teeb tsa kom zoo siv cov txheej txheem teev tseg, thiab kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua kom muaj kev sib khi ruaj khov.
Cov ntsiab cai tseem ceeb rau kev xau- lub twj tso kua mis pub dawb suav nrog:
Txuas cov ntaub ntawv gasket rau cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab thermal ib puag ncig
Siv hom ntxhua khaub ncaws tsim nyog rau txhua qhov chaw sib txuas
Ua raws li kev npaj flange nto thiab bolt zawm cov txheej txheem
Xav txog cov twj tsis muaj lub twj tso kua mis zoo li cov twj sib nqus tsav los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom xws li Aulank rau cov ntawv thov uas qhov kev sib khi ua ke nthuav tawm cov teeb meem tsis tu ncua
Ua raws li kev tshuaj xyuas thiab tu cov txheej txheem los daws cov teeb meem tsim ua ntej yuav tshwm sim
Cov neeg lag luam fastener uas nkag siab txog cov kev cai no tuaj yeem muab kev txhawb nqa tseem ceeb hauv kev qhia meej cov khoom kom raug rau kev thov cov twj tso kua mis. Ua haujlwm nrog cov neeg muab kev paub paub ua kom nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog, cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog, thiab kev pab cuam thaum muaj xwm txheej tsis zoo tshwm sim.
Cov lus nug nquag
Q: Ntev npaum li cas yuav tsum tau hloov cov flange gaskets?
A: Gaskets yuav tsum tau hloov thaum twg lub flanged sib koom qhib yog vim li cas. Rau cov pob qij txha kaw uas nyob twj ywm tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam, kev hloov pauv nyob ntawm qhov kev pabcuam hnyav. Kev pabcuam tshuaj hnyav tuaj yeem lav tau teem sijhawm hloov pauv txhua 1-2 xyoos. Kev pabcuam me me nrog qhov ntsuas kub ruaj khov tuaj yeem tso cai rau 5+ xyoo ntawm kev hloov pauv yog tias tsis pom qhov xau.
Q: Kuv puas tuaj yeem rov siv tau cov kab mob kis kab mob?
A: Tsis yog. Kauv lub qhov txhab gaskets siv lub sijhawm tas mus li thaum compressed thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa. Kev rov siv dua lawv feem ntau ua rau cov dej xau vim tias cov khoom siv tsis tuaj yeem rov qab mus rau nws qhov qub thickness thiab conformability.
Q: Dab tsi ua rau bolts kom loosen ntawm lub twj tso kua mis flanges?
A: Feem ntau ua rau muaj kev vibration los ntawm lub twj tso kua mis ua haujlwm, thermal cycling uas ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov bolts thiab flanges, gasket so lub sij hawm, thiab tsis txaus torque. Kev siv cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws kom raug lossis cov kab nrib pleb - kaw tshuab thiab ua raws li cov txheej txheem nruj kom raug txo qis.
Q: Vim li cas cov twj sib nqus tsav tseem xav tau gaskets yog tias lawv tsis muaj lub foob?
A: Sib nqus tsav twj tso kua mis tshem tawm cov dynamic ncej foob tab sis tseem muaj cov ntsiab lus zoo li qub sealing ntawm flange kev sib txuas, cov pob qij txha, thiab lub plhaub ntim khoom. Cov pob qij txha zoo li qub no yuav tsum tau gaskets lossis O-rings, txawm tias cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj zoo li qub yog qhov muaj kev ntseeg siab dua li cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj.
Q: Kuv yuav xaiv li cas ntawm PTFE thiab EPDM gaskets?
A: PTFE muab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dav dav thiab ua haujlwm feem ntau cov kua qaub, cov hauv paus, thiab cov kuab tshuaj. EPDM raug nqi tsawg dua thiab ua haujlwm zoo nrog dej, chav dej, thiab cov tshuaj dilute tab sis ua tsis tiav nrog cov khoom siv roj av thiab cov oxidizers muaj zog. Rau cov tshuaj tsis paub meej, PTFE yog qhov kev xaiv zoo dua.